Supercomputers/Systems/Frontier
USA · upgraded · mixed
Frontier
Also known as OLCF-5
Operated by Oak Ridge National Laboratory at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility.
Phase 1 seed dataset — under review. These rows were compiled by hand from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources, and have not yet been through a second-reader verification pass. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier; treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- 1.35 EFlop/s
- Rpeak
- 2.06 EFlop/s
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- 65.8%
- Cores
- 9,066,176
- Power
- 24.61 MW
- Per watt
- 55.0 GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | — HPE Cray EX235a | Hewlett Packard Enterprise | — | Verified | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| Accelerator | AMD Instinct MI250X Accelerators AMD Instinct MI250X, 4 per node | AMD | 37,632 reported | Verified | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| CPU | AMD EPYC 7A53 (Trento) CPUs AMD Optimized 3rd Generation EPYC 64C 2GHz | AMD | 9,408 reported | Reported | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| Interconnect | HPE Slingshot-11 Interconnect Slingshot-11 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise | — | Verified | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| Storage | HPE Cray ClusterStor E1000 Storage Orion, Lustre on ClusterStor E1000 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise | — | Reported | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| Cooling | Direct liquid cooling, warm water Cooling 100% direct liquid cooled cabinet | Hewlett Packard Enterprise | — | Reported | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
| Operating system | HPE Cray Operating System Operating systems HPE Cray Operating System | Hewlett Packard Enterprise | — | Reported | olcf.ornl.govhpe.com |
The read
The first system to clear an exaflop on HPL. Every part of the compute node comes from AMD — a custom Trento EPYC linked to four MI250X modules by Infinity Fabric rather than PCIe — with HPE supplying the cabinet, the Slingshot-11 fabric and the Orion storage system. Two suppliers account for essentially the entire machine. Figures shown are the post-upgrade configuration.
Timeline
- 2019 Announced source
- 2022-05 First operational source
- 2022-06 List debut at #1 (June 2022) source
- 2024-11 Reported at 1.353 EFlop/s after node and configuration changes source
Public list appearances
Pointers only — rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.
Site & facility
Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility
- Location
- Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Utility
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- Cooling
- Direct liquid cooling (warm water)
- Commissioned
- 1993