Supercomputers/Systems/Jaguar
USA · upgraded · hpc
Jaguar
Also known as Cray XT5-HE
Operated by Oak Ridge National Laboratory at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility .
Researched with AI assistance, checked by scripts. These rows were researched by AI agents reading public operator, laboratory and vendor sources, appended by scripts and checked by automated validation; no subject-matter expert has reviewed them (how this site is made). A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1350 of 1540 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 64 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- 1.76 PFlop/s
- Rpeak
- 2.33 PFlop/s
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- 75.5%
- Cores
- 224,162
- Power
- 6.95 MW
- Per watt
- 0.3 GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | - Cray XT5-HE | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | ornl.gov |
| CPU | AMD Opteron 2435 (Istanbul) CPUs x86-64 · 6C · 2.6 GHz · 45 nm · 75 W AMD Opteron six-core 2.6 GHz | AMD | - | Reported | ornl.gov |
| Interconnect | Cray SeaStar2+ Interconnect 3D torus · 9.6 GB/s per direction Cray SeaStar2+ | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Verified | ornl.govtop500.org |
| Storage | Lustre Storage Parallel filesystem, separate metadata and object servers Spider, Lustre | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | ornl.govolcf.ornl.gov |
| Cooling | Liquid-assisted air (in-cabinet coil) Cooling In-cabinet air, water-cooled coil · Roughly 20-45 kW per cabinet Cray XT5 cabinet: liquid-assisted air | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | ornl.govolcf.ornl.gov |
| Operating system | Cray Linux Environment Operating systems Linux, Cray-customised · Proprietary layer over open-source Linux Cray Linux Environment | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | ornl.gov |
The read
CPU-only, Opteron-based, on Cray's SeaStar2+ torus. Notable mainly for what happened next: rather than being decommissioned it was rebuilt in place into Titan, making the Jaguar-to-Titan transition the first documented case of an accelerator generation displacing a CPU-only design at the top of the installed base. Cray was an independent public company at the time; HPE acquired it in 2019.
Timeline
- 2005 Announced source
- 2009-11 List debut at #1 (November 2009) source
- 2009-11 First operational source
- 2012-10 Rebuilt in place as Titan: Opteron 6274 nodes with one NVIDIA K20X each source
Public list appearances
Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.
Site & facility
Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility
- Location
- Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Utility
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- Cooling
- Direct liquid cooling (warm water)
- Commissioned
- 1993
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| olcf.ornl.gov | names system and part | Cray Linux Environment |
| ornl.gov | could not be fetched | - |
Checked 2026-10-18 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.
Further reading
Power and cooling
Why air ran out at 20 kW a rack, how warm-water cooling removes the chillers, and what PUE conceals.
Inside a node
Latency-optimised versus throughput-optimised processors, NUMA, and the end of the host-to-device copy.
Operating a supercomputer
Acceptance testing, why "installed" and "in production" are six months apart, and the machine lifecycle.