Phoenix (ORNL)

Also known as Cray X1E Phoenix, OLCF-1

Operated by Oak Ridge National Laboratory at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility .

Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1092 of 1153 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 40 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.

Measured performance

Rmax: 14.96 TFlop/s
Rpeak: 18.33 TFlop/s
Rmax ÷ Rpeak: 81.6%
Cores: 1,014
Power: -
Per watt: - GF/W

Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.

What this machine is made of

One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.

Role	Part	Supplier at build	Quantity	Confidence	Source
Integrator	- Cray X1E	Cray HPENYSE rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise	-	Reported	top500.org en.wikipedia.org
CPU	- Cray X1E 1.13 GHz multistreaming processors, 1,014 cores in the TOP500 entry	Cray HPENYSE rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise	-	Reported	top500.org en.wikipedia.org
Interconnect	- Crossbar	Cray HPENYSE rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise	-	Reported	top500.org

The read

The Cray vector system at Oak Ridge that began as a Cray X1 in 2003 and was upgraded to a Cray X1E with 1,024 multistreaming processors by 2005, serving as a primary NCCS system until 2008 and delivering almost 17 million processor-hours from October 2005. TOP500 lists the X1E (2GB) entry with 1,014 cores at 1.13 GHz on a crossbar under UNICOS, 14.96 TFlop/s Rmax and 18.33 TFlop/s peak, 17th on the November 2005 list. TOP500 does not use the name Phoenix, so the link between that entry and the named system rests on the Wikipedia article's configuration and dates. TOP500 is the only source for Rmax, so the tier is reported.

Timeline

2003 First operational source
2005-11 List debut at #17 (November 2005) source
2008 Decommissioned source

Public list appearances

Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.

#17: TOP500, November 2005 →

Site & facility

Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility

Location: Oak Ridge, TN, USA
Utility: Tennessee Valley Authority
Cooling: Direct liquid cooling (warm water)
Commissioned: 1993

olcf.ornl.gov ornl.gov

Change history

2026-10-02 Added Phoenix, ORNL's Cray X1E, 17th on the November 2005 TOP500

Source check

We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.

Cited source	Result	Found on the page
en.wikipedia.org	names system only	-
top500.org	does not name this system	-

Checked 2026-10-09 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.