Supercomputers/Systems/Microsoft Fairwater (Wisconsin)
USA · operational · ai training
Microsoft Fairwater (Wisconsin)
Deep dive: Microsoft Fairwater: two sites, few numbers
Operated by Microsoft at Microsoft Mount Pleasant AI datacenter site .
Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1092 of 1153 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 40 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- -
- Rpeak
- -
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- -
- Cores
- -
- Power
- -
- Per watt
- - GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accelerator | NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 Accelerators Arm CPU + CUDA GPU · TSMC 4NP NVIDIA GB200 servers with 72 NVIDIA Blackwell GPUs per rack | NVIDIA | - | Reported | w.media |
AI datacenter metrics
Figures beyond an accelerator count, each with who stated it. What can and cannot be compared across AI datacenters.
| Metric | Value | As of | Basis | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accelerators | 176,391 accelerators | 2026-04-16 | Third-party estimate | Epoch AI chip estimate, latest per chip type (B200); some rows are company disclosures, others modelled. | epoch.ai |
| Stated investment | 7 USD bn | 2025-09 | Operator stated | Microsoft: extra $4 bn for a second datacenter brings total Wisconsin investment to more than $7 bn; covers both Fairwater datacenters, floor value | blogs.microsoft.com |
| Facility power | 442 MW | 2026-05-15 | Third-party estimate | Epoch AI modelled gross facility power (IT plus cooling and overhead) at this timeline date. | epoch.ai |
| IT power | 369 MW | 2026-05-15 | Third-party estimate | Epoch AI modelled IT power from satellite imagery and permits at this timeline date; not operator-stated. | epoch.ai |
| Rack power | 140 kW | 2025-11 | Operator stated | Microsoft: Fairwater design rates about 140 kW per rack, 72 Blackwell GPUs per rack; blog describes the design of each Fairwater site, Wisconsin is site one; not a Wisconsin-only figure | blogs.microsoft.com |
How it is powered
| Source | Provider | MW | Status | As of | Basis | Note | Source link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grid | We Energies | - | operating | 2025-09 | Operator stated | Microsoft pre-pays energy and electrical infrastructure under WE Energies tariffs for Mount Pleasant; no MW stated. Epoch lists WE Energies as the energy company. | blogs.microsoft.comepoch.ai |
| Wind and solar | - | 250 | contracted | 2025-09 | Operator stated | New 250 MW Portage County solar project, under construction, to match fossil-sourced kWh one for one. An offset on the grid, not a direct supply. | blogs.microsoft.com |
How AI campuses are powered: capacities are what the operator, utility or filing states, not what has been delivered.
The read
The first Fairwater site, in Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin. Microsoft states hundreds of thousands of NVIDIA GPUs, closed-loop liquid cooling for over 90% of the site, and completion in early 2026; only the trade-press report of 24 June 2026 says it is fully operational, and it derives from Microsoft's own release, so the tier stays reported. The GB200 servers at 72 GPUs per rack come from that same report, not from Microsoft's blog. No exact GPU count or power is published. Microsoft's qualitative claim of ten times today's fastest supercomputers is not a FLOPS figure and is not recorded as one.
Site & facility
Microsoft Mount Pleasant AI datacenter site
- Location
- Mount Pleasant, WI, USA
- Cooling
- Closed-loop liquid cooling
- Commissioned
- 2025
Change history
- 2026-10-04 AI datacenter metrics: Microsoft Fairwater (Wisconsin)
- 2026-09-19 Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin added
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| blogs.microsoft.com | names system only | - |
| w.media | names system and part | NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 |
Checked 2026-10-09 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.
Related news
- Microsoft links Fairwater Atlanta and Wisconsin into one "AI superfactory" · MicrosoftThe two Fairwater sites are joined over a dedicated AI WAN fiber backbone so training jobs can span both facilities as one system rather than two separate clusters, a different scaling strategy than the single site gigawatt campuses xAI and Meta are building. Each rack carries up to 72 NVIDIA Blackwell GPUs; Microsoft has not disclosed a total GPU count for either site.