Supercomputers/Systems/Microsoft Project Osmium
USA · operational · ai training
Microsoft Project Osmium
Also known as Microsoft Cumming Iowa AI campus
Operated by Microsoft at Microsoft Cumming Datacenter Campus .
Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1092 of 1153 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 40 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
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- Rpeak
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- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
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- Cores
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- Power
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- Per watt
- - GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | - Microsoft builds and operates the Iowa Azure AI supercomputer datacenters used by OpenAI | Microsoft | - | Reported | news.microsoft.com |
| Accelerator | - Epoch AI estimate: about 25,000 NVIDIA A100 GPUs (SemiAnalysis also describes about 25,000 A100 in the first Iowa training cluster) | NVIDIA | 25,000 estimated | Reported | epoch.ai |
| Accelerator | - Epoch AI estimate: about 32,700 NVIDIA H100 GPUs (modelled) | NVIDIA | 32,700 estimated | Reported | epoch.ai |
| Accelerator | NVIDIA B200 SXM Accelerators CUDA (Blackwell) · TSMC 4NP · 1,000 W Epoch AI estimate: about 45,500 NVIDIA B200 GPUs (modelled) | NVIDIA | 45,500 estimated | Reported | epoch.ai |
AI datacenter metrics
Figures beyond an accelerator count, each with who stated it. What can and cannot be compared across AI datacenters.
| Metric | Value | As of | Basis | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accelerators | 103,200 accelerators | 2026-10-02 | Third-party estimate | About 25,000 A100, 32,700 H100 and 45,500 B200 (sum is ours). Epoch AI chip estimate (modelled from satellite imagery, cooling equipment and chip availability); not an operator disclosure. | epoch.ai |
| Stated investment | 7.2 USD bn | 2026-10-02 | Third-party estimate | Epoch AI modelled build cost, compute plus construction, 2025 USD, scaled from IT power; not a disclosed spend. | epoch.ai |
| IT power | 190 MW | 2026-10-02 | Third-party estimate | Epoch AI modelled IT power from satellite imagery and permits; not operator-stated. | epoch.ai |
The read
The Microsoft AI datacenter campus at Cumming, Warren County, Iowa that Epoch AI tracks as Project Osmium. Microsoft's own feature says the Iowa Azure supercomputer was built for OpenAI to train breakthrough models, that GPT-4 was developed on it and that the region has several datacenter campuses around West Des Moines; it names no GPUs, no MW and no Osmium code name, and it does not state that the supercomputer sits at the Cumming address, so the site attribution comes from Epoch. SemiAnalysis, summarised from its public article, describes the first Iowa training cluster as about 25,000 A100 GPUs in one building, with OpenAI using roughly 19 MW of two data halls for GPT-3.5. Epoch AI's AI data centers dataset (CC BY 4.0) estimates about 25,000 A100, 32,700 H100 and 45,500 B200 chips and 190 MW of IT power as of 2 October 2026, with the first building operational in January 2021. These are modelled estimates in the metrics table only. Separate from the 2020 Azure OpenAI supercomputer row, whose site is undisclosed.
Timeline
- 2021-01 First operational source
Site & facility
Change history
- 2026-10-04 Added Microsoft Project Osmium
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| epoch.ai | names system and part | NVIDIA B200 SXM |
| news.microsoft.com | names system only | - |
Checked 2026-10-09 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.