Supercomputers/Systems/NCAR Cray-1A S/N 3
USA · decommissioned · hpc
NCAR Cray-1A S/N 3
Also known as Cray-1A serial 3; C1
Operated by NCAR at NCAR Mesa Laboratory (Boulder) .
Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1263 of 1345 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 56 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- -
- Rpeak
- 0.2 GFlop/s
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- -
- Cores
- 1
- Power
- 115 kW
- Per watt
- - GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | - Cray Research, Inc. Cray-1A serial number 3 | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | cisl.ucar.edu |
| CPU | Cray-1 CPU CPUs Cray-1 (custom) · 1C · 0.08 GHz Cray-1A single vector processor, 12.5 ns clock | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | 1 reported | Reported | cisl.ucar.eduen.wikipedia.org |
| Operating system | - Cray Operating System (COS) with Cray Fortran Translator | Cray HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | cisl.ucar.edu |
The read
Serial number 3 arrived at NCAR on 11 July 1977 for $8.86 million (about $7.9 million for the system plus nearly $1 million for disks), after the first Cray-1 had gone to Los Alamos for a six-month trial in 1976. NCAR says it was Cray Research's first official customer and that accepting this machine in December 1977 made Cray Research revenue-generating; it was the first Cray-1A to go into production. NCAR describes a 12.5 ns clock, eight 64-element vector registers, 1 million 64-bit words (8 MB) of memory, 16 DD-19 disk drives of 300 MB each and a peak of 160 MFLOPS. It drew about 115 kW, ran with the CDC 7600 as front end, and was removed from production on 27 January 1989 and powered off on 1 February after nearly 12 years, NCAR's longest-lived supercomputer. Wikipedia repeats NCAR's estimate of 4.5 times the throughput of the 7600. NCAR is the primary source for the dates, so the tier is reported.
Site & facility
NCAR Mesa Laboratory (Boulder)
- Location
- Boulder, CO, USA
- Commissioned
- 1986
Change history
- 2026-10-09 Added NCAR Cray-1A S/N 3
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| en.wikipedia.org | names system, part and count | Cray-1 CPU · counts: 1 |
| cisl.ucar.edu | names system, part and count | Cray-1 CPU · counts: 1 |
Checked 2026-10-13 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.
Further reading
Inside a node
Latency-optimised versus throughput-optimised processors, NUMA, and the end of the host-to-device copy.
Operating a supercomputer
Acceptance testing, why "installed" and "in production" are six months apart, and the machine lifecycle.
Programming a supercomputer
The software stack beneath the application, and why the OS is now a sovereignty signal as much as a technical choice.