Supercomputers/Systems/CRESCO8
Italy · operational · hpc
CRESCO8
Also known as ENEA CRESCO8
Operated by ENEA at ENEA Portici Research Centre .
Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1092 of 1153 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 40 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- 5.43 PFlop/s
- Rpeak
- 5.91 PFlop/s
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- 91.9%
- Cores
- 97,280
- Power
- 805 kW
- Per watt
- 6.7 GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | - Lenovo ThinkSystem SD650 V3 Neptune | Lenovo | - | Verified | top500.orgmedia.enea.it |
| CPU | - Intel Xeon Platinum 8592+ 64C 1.9GHz, two per node on 758 nodes | Intel | - | Verified | top500.orgmedia.enea.it |
| Interconnect | NVIDIA InfiniBand NDR (Quantum-2) Interconnect Fat tree or dragonfly+ · 400 Gb/s per port · Under 0.6 microseconds Infiniband NDR | NVIDIA | - | Reported | top500.org |
| Cooling | - Lenovo Neptune water cooling capturing up to 98 percent of heat | Lenovo | - | Reported | media.enea.it |
| Operating system | Red Hat Enterprise Linux Operating systems Linux distribution · Open source, commercial support subscription RHEL 9.4 | Red Hat | - | Reported | top500.org |
The read
ENEA's Tier-0 CPU cluster at the Portici Research Centre near Naples, inaugurated on 9 April 2025 and aimed at energy transition and nuclear fusion research. TOP500 lists a Lenovo ThinkSystem SD650 V3 with Intel Xeon Platinum 8592+ 64-core 1.9 GHz processors and InfiniBand NDR under RHEL 9.4: 97,280 cores, Rmax 5.43 PFlop/s, Rpeak 5.91 PFlop/s and 805 kW. The ENEA press release describes 758 nodes with two Xeon Platinum 8592 processors each in a Lenovo Neptune direct water-cooled system that captures up to 98 percent of the heat, housed in a dedicated facility of about 150 square metres; it quotes over 9 PFlops of computational power, which does not match the TOP500 Rpeak and is not recorded as a FLOPS figure. TOP500 ranks: 228th (June 2025), 259th (November 2025), 284th (June 2026).
Timeline
Public list appearances
Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.
Site & facility
Change history
- 2026-10-02 Added CRESCO8, ENEA's Neptune-cooled Xeon cluster at Portici
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| top500.org | names system and part | NVIDIA InfiniBand NDR (Quantum-2) |
| media.enea.it | names system only | - |
Checked 2026-10-09 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.
Further reading
Operating a supercomputer
Acceptance testing, why "installed" and "in production" are six months apart, and the machine lifecycle.
Inside a node
Latency-optimised versus throughput-optimised processors, NUMA, and the end of the host-to-device copy.
The interconnect
Topologies, why latency and tail behaviour matter more than bandwidth, and how the fabric market consolidated.