Germany · decommissioned · hpc

JUGENE

Operated by Forschungszentrum Julich at Julich Supercomputing Centre .

Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1092 of 1153 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 40 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.

Measured performance

Rmax: 190.90 TFlop/s
Rpeak: 222.82 TFlop/s
Rmax ÷ Rpeak: 85.7%
Cores: 65,536
Power: 504 kW
Per watt: 0.4 GF/W

Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.

What this machine is made of

One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.

Role	Part	Supplier at build	Quantity	Confidence	Source
Integrator	- IBM eServer Blue Gene Solution	IBM IBMNYSE	-	Verified	top500.org fz-juelich.de
CPU	IBM PowerPC 450 850MHz CPUs PowerPC · 4C · 0.85 GHz · 90 nm PowerPC 450 850MHz, 16,384 quad-core nodes (16-rack configuration)	IBM IBMNYSE	65,536 reported	Reported	top500.org
Interconnect	IBM BlueGene 3D torus Interconnect 3D torus, plus separate collective and barrier networks · 175 MB/s per link per direction IBM Blue Gene 3D torus, proprietary	IBM IBMNYSE	-	Reported	top500.org
Operating system	IBM Compute Node Kernel Operating systems Microkernel, no dynamic scheduling · Proprietary CNK/SLES 9	IBM IBMNYSE	-	Reported	top500.org

The read

Julich's original 16-rack IBM Blue Gene/P, second on the November 2007 TOP500 at 190.9 TFlop/s Rmax and Europe's fastest machine at the time. Julich's own farewell notice independently confirms the October 2007 installation and the rank-2 November 2007 result, and gives 31 July 2012 as the final shutdown date after the system had grown in place to 72 racks and 294,912 cores from mid-2009 as the first petaflop machine in Europe. That larger, later configuration is TOP500's separate JUGENE entry with its own rank history; this row's Rmax, Rpeak and core count are the original 16-rack machine's. JUQUEEN, its Blue Gene/Q successor, is not yet in this dataset. TOP500 is the only source for Rmax, Rpeak and core count, so the tier is reported.

Timeline

2007-10 First operational source
2007-11 List debut at #2 (November 2007) source
2012-07-31 Decommissioned source

Public list appearances

Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.

#2: TOP500, November 2007 →

Site & facility

Julich Supercomputing Centre

Location: Julich, Germany
Cooling: Direct liquid cooling
Commissioned: 2004

fz-juelich.de

Change history

2026-09-24 Added; row reflects the original 16-rack configuration, its best-ranked TOP500 entry

Source check

We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.

Cited source	Result	Found on the page
fz-juelich.de	names system and part	IBM Compute Node Kernel
top500.org	names system, part and count	IBM PowerPC 450 850MHz · counts: 65536

Checked 2026-10-09 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.