Quantum/Machines/Pasqal SOL
Italy · operational · Neutral atoms
Pasqal SOL
Pasqal SOL is a neutral atoms quantum computer operated by CINECA in Italy. It has 140 physical qubits. It ranks 6 of 10 neutral atom machines in this table by physical qubit count. 10 sourced specs are in the spec sheet. No benchmark figures are recorded for it yet.
Also known as EuroQCS-Italy, Pasqal Orion at CINECA
Pasqal's 140-qubit neutral-atom system installed at CINECA in the Bologna Technopole and built for tight integration with the Leonardo supercomputer through standard HPC scheduling. Delivered on 17 February 2026 and inaugurated on 11 June 2026, funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research and EuroHPC JU. It is Pasqal's third EuroHPC-linked system after Jade at Julich and Ruby at TGCC. Fidelity figures are not given in the sources used.
Co-located supercomputer: Leonardo. This machine is integrated with, or hosted beside, that system.
Spec sheet
Technical details as the builder or a paper states them, each with its own source. A blank is a fact we could not source, not a zero. Fidelity and coherence figures are in the benchmark table below.
| Spec | Value | Basis | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Processor | Pasqal Orion QPU, 140 qubits | Vendor reported | Both press pages call SOL a 140-qubit Orion QPU; Pasqal brochure (2025-12) lists the Orion Gamma generation at 140+ qubits, which is probably the generation used. | thequantuminsider.comquantumcomputingreport.com |
| Qubit type | Rubidium neutral atoms in optical tweezers | Vendor reported | Pasqal documentation states rubidium atoms trapped in optical tweezers for the Orion generations; isotope not stated. | pasqal.comdocs.pasqal.com |
| Topology | Reconfigurable 2D tweezer arrays with user-defined atom geometries | Vendor reported | Pasqal says atoms are moved to form custom geometrical grids; SOL-specific layout limits are not published. | pasqal.compasqal.com |
| Native gates | Analog mode: laser pulses driving Rydberg interactions | Vendor reported | Pasqal documentation describes its neutral-atom machines as analog devices programmed with laser pulses; digital gates for Orion are not documented in sources consulted. | docs.pasqal.comquantumcomputingreport.com |
| Cooling and environment | Room-temperature operation; atoms held in an ultra-high vacuum chamber with laser cooling | Vendor reported | Brochure states room-temperature operation and a vacuum chamber for the Orion Gamma. | pasqal.com |
| Power draw | 3 kW | Vendor reported | Pasqal brochure gives 3 kW average consumption for Orion Gamma, family-level, not measured at CINECA. | pasqal.com |
| Software | Qiskit and NVIDIA CUDA-Q via the QRMI interface and Slurm | Vendor reported | Pasqal HPC integration stack at CINECA (2026-06). | thequantuminsider.comquantumcomputingreport.com |
| Access and pricing | On-premises at CINECA, exposed to Leonardo through standard HPC scheduling | Vendor reported | Integration with Leonardo was described as becoming operational in the months after delivery (2026-02-17); no price published. | pasqal.comthequantuminsider.com |
| Successor | Pasqal Vela (200+ qubits, deliveries from 2027) | Vendor reported | Family roadmap: Orion Gamma, then Vela, then Centaurus (500+ qubits); not a SOL-specific upgrade commitment. | pasqal.compasqal.com |
| Roadmap | Pasqal line: Vela 200+ qubits (orders 2026, deliveries from 2027), Centaurus 500+ qubits (user availability 2028) | Vendor reported | Pasqal hardware page, checked 2026-10. | pasqal.com |
Timeline
- 2026-06: First operational
- 2026-10-04: Status checked: operational
More from CINECA
- IQM Radiance NOX at CINECA (operational, 54 qubits)
Comparable neutral atom machines
Closest in physical qubit count within the same technology. Counts of different qubit types are not interchangeable across technologies.
| Machine | Operator | Qubits | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pasqal Fresnel | Pasqal | 100 | operational |
| Pasqal Ruby | GENCI | 100 | operational |
| Pasqal JADE | Forschungszentrum Julich | 100 | operational |
| Infleqtion Sqale at NQCC | National Quantum Computing Centre | 100 | operational |
| Aramco Pasqal QPU | Saudi Aramco | 200 | operational |
| QuEra Aquila | QuEra Computing | 256 | operational |