Quantum/Machines/Pasqal Ruby
France · operational · Neutral atoms
Pasqal Ruby
Pasqal Ruby is a neutral atoms quantum computer operated by GENCI in France. It has 100 physical qubits. It ranks 7 of 10 neutral atom machines in this table by physical qubit count. 9 sourced specs are in the spec sheet. No benchmark figures are recorded for it yet.
Also known as Orion Beta at TGCC
Ruby is an Orion Beta unit for GENCI, installed at CEA's TGCC under the EuroHPC HPCQS project, to be coupled with the Joliot-Curie supercomputer. In March 2025 Pasqal reported 35 trapped atoms with 100 qubits targeted for the first half of 2025. Pasqal's documentation now lists RUBY as a 100-qubit, HPC-only QPU, but no source fetched confirms when 100 atoms were reached. No fidelity numbers are published in the pages consulted.
Co-located supercomputer: Joliot-Curie Rome. This machine is integrated with, or hosted beside, that system.
Spec sheet
Technical details as the builder or a paper states them, each with its own source. A blank is a fact we could not source, not a zero. Fidelity and coherence figures are in the benchmark table below.
| Spec | Value | Basis | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Processor | Orion Beta generation QPU, 100 qubits, HPC-only access | Vendor reported | Pasqal docs list RUBY as Orion Beta with 100 qubits, available only at the CEA HPC center. | docs.pasqal.comwww-hpc.cea.fr |
| Qubit type | Rubidium atoms trapped in optical tweezers | Independent | CEA says Ruby controls 100 rubidium atoms; Pasqal docs describe Orion Beta as rubidium atoms in optical tweezers. | www-hpc.cea.frdocs.pasqal.com |
| Topology | Programmable 1D and 2D atom registers, up to 100 atoms | Vendor reported | Orion Beta family limits from Pasqal docs; Julich describes its twin system JADE with 1D and 2D atom geometry. | docs.pasqal.comfz-juelich.de |
| Native gates | Analog mode with global Rydberg pulses | Vendor reported | CEA describes Ruby as an analogue neutral atom computer. | docs.pasqal.comwww-hpc.cea.fr |
| Cooling and environment | Room temperature, no cryogenics, low power | Independent | CEA press release (2025-11-13) says the Jade and Ruby systems run at room temperature with low energy use; Pasqal says zero cryogenics. | cea.frpasqal.com |
| Fabrication | Built by Pasqal (France), delivered and assembled on site at CEA TGCC | Independent | CEA says the QPUs were made by Pasqal and then delivered and assembled in the CEA and FZJ computing centers. | cea.frdocs.pasqal.com |
| Software | Pulser, Eviden Qaptiva, Slurm, ParTec ParaStation Modulo | Independent | CEA lists Pulser and Qaptiva for Ruby; the inauguration release adds Slurm and ParaStation Modulo for the HPCQS software stack. | www-hpc.cea.frcea.fr |
| Access and pricing | On-premises at CEA TGCC coupled to Joliot-Curie; access through the French DARI allocation call | Independent | CEA page lists DARI as the access route; no price published. | www-hpc.cea.frdocs.pasqal.com |
| Roadmap | First step toward large-scale hybrid computing with the Alice Recoque exascale supercomputer | Independent | Statement by CEA (host, not the builder) at the 2025-11-13 inauguration. | cea.fr |
Timeline
- 2022-05: Announced
- 2026-10-04: Status checked: operational
Comparable neutral atom machines
Closest in physical qubit count within the same technology. Counts of different qubit types are not interchangeable across technologies.
| Machine | Operator | Qubits | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pasqal Fresnel | Pasqal | 100 | operational |
| Pasqal JADE | Forschungszentrum Julich | 100 | operational |
| Infleqtion Sqale at NQCC | National Quantum Computing Centre | 100 | operational |
| Pasqal SOL | CINECA | 140 | operational |
| Aramco Pasqal QPU | Saudi Aramco | 200 | operational |
| QuEra Aquila | QuEra Computing | 256 | operational |