Supercomputers/Systems/Chama
USA · operational · hpc
Chama
Also known as Sandia Appro Xtreme-X Chama
Operated by Sandia National Laboratories .
Phase 1 seed dataset, compiled by hand. These rows were built from public operator, laboratory and vendor sources. A mechanical second-reader pass has since fetched every cited source: 1263 of 1345 systems have a readable citation that names them, and 56 are genuinely weakly sourced. Every claim carries its source and a confidence tier. Treat anything below verified as a lead, not a citation.
Measured performance
- Rmax
- 332.00 TFlop/s
- Rpeak
- 409.34 TFlop/s
- Rmax ÷ Rpeak
- 81.1%
- Cores
- 19,680
- Power
- 453.6 kW
- Per watt
- 0.7 GF/W
Figures are as last publicly reported for the configuration described below, not a live measurement. Where a system was upgraded in place, the post-upgrade configuration is shown and the earlier one appears in the timeline.
What this machine is made of
One row per supplier relationship. “Supplier at build” is the company that shipped the part at the time; where that company has since been acquired, the parent it rolls up to today is shown beside it. That distinction is what makes ticker-level aggregation possible across a thirty-year dataset.
| Role | Part | Supplier at build | Quantity | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Integrator | - Appro Xtreme-X GreenBlade GB512X cluster | Appro HPENYSE
rolls up to Hewlett Packard Enterprise | - | Reported | top500.orgweb.archive.org |
| CPU | Intel Xeon E5-2670 CPUs x86-64 · 8C · 2.6 GHz · 32 nm · 115 W Intel Xeon E5-2670 8C 2.6GHz, 16 cores per node | Intel | - | Reported | top500.orgweb.archive.org |
| Interconnect | Mellanox InfiniBand QDR Interconnect Fat tree · 40 Gb/s per 4x port InfiniBand QDR | NVIDIA | - | Reported | top500.orgweb.archive.org |
| Operating system | Red Hat Enterprise Linux Operating systems Linux distribution · Open source, commercial support subscription Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 | Red Hat | - | Reported | top500.orgweb.archive.org |
The read
Appro Xtreme-X GreenBlade GB512X capacity cluster of Sandia National Laboratories. TOP500 lists Xeon E5-2670 8C 2.6GHz processors on InfiniBand QDR running RHEL 6.2, 19,680 cores, Rmax 332.00 TFlop/s, Rpeak 409.34 TFlop/s and 453.6 kW; it first appeared 61st on the November 2011 list, peaked at 54th in June 2012 and was last listed 417th in June 2016. Sandia's HPC capacity-cluster table, captured by the Internet Archive in 2019, lists Chama as Appro hardware with 1,232 nodes, 19,712 cores of 16-core Sandy Bridge E5-2670 nodes on InfiniBand, 0.392 petaflops and a September 2012 general-availability date; the core count, peak and date differ from TOP500's, so the tier is reported.
Timeline
Public list appearances
Pointers only: rank and edition, linking to the canonical entry. We do not reproduce list tables. See sourcing policy.
Change history
- 2026-10-09 Added Chama
Source check
We fetched this system's own citations and recorded whether each page actually mentions it. This is a corroboration signal, not a fact check, and it is published so you can see how well the sourcing holds up rather than take it on trust.
| Cited source | Result | Found on the page |
|---|---|---|
| web.archive.org | names system and part | Mellanox InfiniBand QDR |
| top500.org | names system and part | Intel Xeon E5-2670, Mellanox InfiniBand QDR |
Checked 2026-10-13 by pnpm verify. Re-run it and the table changes with the web.
Further reading
Operating a supercomputer
Acceptance testing, why "installed" and "in production" are six months apart, and the machine lifecycle.
Inside a node
Latency-optimised versus throughput-optimised processors, NUMA, and the end of the host-to-device copy.
The interconnect
Topologies, why latency and tail behaviour matter more than bandwidth, and how the fabric market consolidated.